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The Moro people is a population of indigenous Muslims in the Philippines, forming the largest non-Catholic group in the country, and comprising about 5.1% (as of August 2007) of the total Philippine population.〔 There are around 13 Moro ethnic groups, with the majority are Muslim, most are the followers of Sunni Islam of Shafi'i madh'hab.〔 The "Moro" term came into use during the pre-colonial period, drawing upon a term used centuries earlier to refer the Muslims of al-Andalus in southern Spain known as the "Moors" during the Reconquista and applied to the native Muslims within conquered islands. In modern history, influential groups such as the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) espoused the Moro identity to unify all Muslim groups in the Philippines. This is different from the "Filipino" identity as it was more seen as an epithet to Christian ethnic groups. In addition with the Moro concept represents their distinct Islamic heritage, MNLF leader Nur Misuari clarifies that they are not a part of the majority Filipino society with a slogan "Moro not Filipino" in their struggle for autonomy or independence against the Catholic majority Philippine central government. This is rooted from resistance of the then-Spanish and American rule who forced them to integrate into the modern Philippine republic.〔 The Moro people mostly live in Mindanao, Sulu and Palawan. Due to continuous movement of their people since the 16th century until present, Moro communities can be found in all large cities in the Philippines, including Manila, Cebu and Davao. Many Moros also have emigrated to Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei in the last half of the 20th century due to the conflict in the Southern Philippines. Newer communities can be found today in Kota Kinabalu, Sandakan, Semporna in neighbouring Sabah, Malaysia, North Kalimantan in Indonesia, as well in Bandar Seri Begawan of Brunei. == Etymology == The term Bangsamoro, derived from the old Malay word ''"bangsa"'', meaning "race" or "nation" with the ''"Moro"'' as "people", is used to describe both the Moro people and their homeland. The word ''Moro'' itself was a term which had been used before in the 16th century by Spanish colonisers in reference to a Muslim group of "Moors", which originating from "Mauru", a Latin word that referred to the inhabitants of the ancient Roman province of Mauritania in northwest Africa, which today comprises the modern Muslim states of Algeria, Mauritania and Morocco.〔 With the rise of Mauritania as part of the Muslim Umayyad Caliphate, Muslim armies conquered and ruled much of the Iberian Peninsula from 711 to 1492, for about a total of 781 years in which the term revived when the Christian-majority Spanish involved in a war with them and start to calling the Muslims as "Moors". The term was then been used again by the Spanish when they arriving in the Philippine archipelago and found a similar Muslim groups who rebels against them.〔 Despite opposition from the modern Muslim community in the Philippines who objected to the term's origin by Spanish colonialist, the name has evolved and become seen as a unitary force especially by the Philippine government. Marvic Leonen, who was the Chief Peace Negotiator for Philippine government with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front, has said: Since the 19th century, most of the Moro people remained separated from the mainstream Philippine society, due to social and political factors. It was later been adopted as a name for separatist organisations such as the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), Rashid Lucman's Bangsa Moro Liberation Organisation (BMLO) as well the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro recognises "Bangsamoro" as an identity and calls for the creation of an autonomous political entity called Bangsamoro. Further acknowledgement creates conflict in the region. The native Muslims of Mindanao often consider as a Filipino Muslim by the Philippine government. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moro people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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